Incomplete Smoking Restriction in Spain

In January 2006, Spanish law banned smoking in offices, shops, schools, hospitals, cultural centres and on public
transport, including stations and airports. The law also stated that restaurants and bars over 100 square M can
designate a smoking area, but that it has to be physically separated and may occupy at most 30% of the total floor
space of the establishment. Establishments smaller than 100 sq.m. could choose whether to allow or to prohibit
smoking.

However, soon later, the Community of Madrid established an illegal decree which states that restaurants over
100 square M are not required to make the complete physical separation of the smoking and non-smoking areas.
In January 2009, the High Court in Madrid overturned this decree. Even though, the regional government
presided by the conservative politician, E Aguirre, had not yet taken measures to enforce the law. The Spanish
non-smoking party, PNF announcedthat the Madrid region has failed to implement a satisfactory regime of
inspections and the vast majority of bars and restaurants flout the law. The PNF has so far reported more than
2.500 bars and restaurants for failing to comply with the law.
Source: Wikipedia

A sign plate shows a fine of 40 and 30.05 Euros for traveling without a valid ticket and smoking inside trains, respectively.
This photograph was taken at a Barocelona subway train in May 2010.
　
(L)(M) A sign board shows that no-more-smoking beyond this point, at a Barcelona subway station and
at Funicular de Montjuic station.
(R) A standard sign plate in Metro station at Barcelona

(L) A ticket bending machine and ticket office at the Barcelona Sants Railway station
(R) No-smoking sign board at Paral-lel station, Barcelona

(L) Many people are always smoking near the entrance to the Barcelona Sants railway station.
(R) No-smoking sign displayed in the corridor between Renfe Aeroport railway station and Bercelona airport terminals.

Barcelona international airport and no-smoking sign at the entrance door

(L) A Cornella Renfe railway station, Barcelona
(R) A small station cafe attached to the railway station. No-smoking sign is displayed at the entrance.

(L) An automatic bending machine for tobacco sale placed in the station cafe at Cornella, Barcelona.
(M) An ashtray is provided on each table
(R) Two are smoking under the stairway to the subway station at Cornella Centre.

(L) No-smoking sign plate attached near the train window of Renfe, between downtown and airport of Barcelona.
(M) An automatic bending machine for tobacco sale in the cafe-bar of Segovia, Spain
(R) This restaurant-bar in Barcelona provides a smoking space. It says that the rest of space, smoking is prohibited.

(L) The sign plate shows that smoking is allowed in this space. The sign next may be the meaning of that, please shut the door.
Photographed in Barcelona.
(R) A bus driver was smoking while waiting for the time of departure.

(L) A client is smoking in a cafe/bar at town of Segovia, Spain (R) An automatic bending machine for a tobacco, photographed at Segovia

A Renfe reservation ticket issued in May 2010. Please note that there is two 'smoking-seat' sign on the ticket.
The writer strongly protested against the smoking train mark.
However, it became clear that the railway company had not changed PC software
after the law of smoking ban on all Spanish trains came into in force in January 2006!

The photographs show the Hospital de Barcelona and an ashtray stand near by the hospital entrance.
No smoking restriction is enforced there.

(L) A cigar shop in Barcelona (M)(R) A display-stand for cigarettes and tobacco products
The price of 20 Malboro cigarette is 3.60, Winston 3.15, and Camel 3.30 Euros.

'Al Capone' sweet filter cognac dipped, pack of 10 cigarettes, sold in Spain
Health warning: (L) Protect children. Do not children breathe tobacco-smoke (R) Smoking can kill the human.

(L) Hotel Jardin de Recoletos, Madrid (M) Westin Palace Madrid (R) Hilton Madrid Airport

(L) Barcelo Hotel Sants hotel and Barcelona Sants railway station (R) Hotel Torre Catalunya, Barcelona

Smoking-room ratio in hotels in Spain

Madrid
Hilton Madrid Airport Hotel has 284 total guest rooms. Of these, 49 (17%) are smoking rooms. All bars and restaurants are
smoke-free.
The total number of guest rooms of Westin Palace Madrid is 468. There are 58 (12%) smoking guest rooms. No smoking booth
is inside. Bars and restaurants are smoke-free.
Hotel Ritz Madrid has total 170 guest rooms. Of these, about 60% are non-smoking, versus, 40% are smoking guest rooms.
The hotel did not disclose the exact number of smoking rooms. The restaurants of Ritz prohibit smoking, but in bars, smoking
is allowed. Hotel Jardin de Recoletos, Madrid provides 12 smoking rooms of 43 total rooms. The percentage is 28%. Here,
smoking allowed in the bar. In the restaurant, smoking is prohibited in breakfast. However, it is allowed in lunch and evening
meal hours.

Barcelona
Barcelo Sants, Barcelona has total guest rooms of 377. The number of smoking rooms is 108 (29%). Bars and restaurants in
this hotel are smoke-free.
Hotel Torre Catalunya located in front of the Barcelona Sants station, provides smoking guest rooms are 41(15%), of the total
272 rooms. Smoking is banned in a hotel restaurant and bar.
Husa Oriente known as one of the classic hotels in Barcelona has total 147 guest rooms/all are smoke-free. The only place
to smoke inside is the bar.
Hilton Barcelona Hotel has a total of 289 guest rooms. Smoking rooms are located on the second floor of the building and
44 (15%) in a number. A lady who showed me a hotel facility told me that 'all' Japanese guests requested a smoking room
in Barcelona Hilton. No smoking is allowed in restaurants and bars in Hilton.



Spain has enforced a total smoking ban in restaurants and bars in January 2011.
Hotels will be allowed to set aside 30 per cent of rooms for smokers.

　Smoking-room ratio in hotels at Tokyo
　Smoking-room ratio in hotels at Bangkok
　Smoking-room ratio in hotels at Hong Kong
　 Smoking-room ratio in hotels at Vancouver
　Smoking-room ratio in hotels at Seattle
　 Smoking-room ratio in hotels at San Francisco
　Smoking-room ratio in hotels at Shanghai

　Smoking-room rate of hotels in Austria
　Smoking-room rate of hotels in Germany
　Smoking-room rate of hotels in Switzerland

H
Smoking Restriction at Hotels in the World: Actual Survey
The ratio of a smoking guest room to the total hotel rooms was calculated,
based on-the-spot investigation.

---

Smoking booth and a health warning on tobacco use at the Madrid airport


(L) This photo shows the smoking room in the Terminal 1 of Madrid international airport.
Please note that there is no door in this room and toxic tobacco-smoke may flow out to the space of the airport terminal.
(R) The sign board campaigning using the smoking booth, placed in the airport corridor

(L) The car porch of the Madrid-Barajas airport (R) No-smoking sign board at the entrance to the departure terminal

Smoking restriction of the world airports

The price of Marlboro is 3.6 Euros at a cafe/bar or at a tobacco shop in Spain.
The duty-free shop in Madrid International Airport sells Marlboro to air passengers
for the European Union destinations at 41.40 Euros, and for passengers to the non-european destinations at 32.40 Euros.


(L) The budget deficit of Spain 2009 was 1.112 hundred billion Euros, 11.2% of GDP,
and in Greece it was 323 hundred billion Euros, 13.6% of GDP.
(M) The market is suspicious about the bank asset is decreasing related to the collapsed real estate boom.
(R) Spain had its unemployment rate near 20 %, with a lot of people lost their jobs.
Source: NHK TV, June 9, 2010

To improve the present confusing status of smoking restriction in the eating business,a new, stricter law has
been already announced by the government. Smoking will be banned in every indoor public place, including
bars, clubs and restaurants before the end of 2010.However, the Spanish financial crisis, which was generated
by long term loans, canpossibly affect on the Government's enforcement of the new strict smoking ban.

スペインでは首都、マドリットでは、北欧や北米に見られた喫煙スペースを排除したスモークフリーのホテルは皆無で
あった。第二の都市、バロセロナのホテルではHusa Oriente Hotel が全館禁煙であった。マドリット、バロセロナ共に、
全客室の15%程度を喫煙室と設定しているホテルが大部分であるが、高級とされるマドリットのリッツホテルでは
40%の高率で喫煙者用の部屋を用意している。しかし、2011年の法改正で喫煙客室比率を30％以下に設定変えせねば
ならなくなる。

バロセルナ・ヒルトンでは部屋などの施設を案内してくれた女性スタッフに「非喫煙客室を希望されている日本人は
初めてです」と話し笑っていた。多分、嘲笑（あざわらい）したのであろう。ホテルの性格、場所柄、若いビジネスマン
が多いことは想像できる。グアム島やハワイでは日本人のタバコ好きは有名であるが、喫煙者天国と言われることも
あるスペインでも、日本人が健康に対する危険情報を認識出来ず、タバコを手放せない人種として受け止められている
ことを知り愕然とした。

スペインでは、2006年1月より受動喫煙防止法が施行されている。航空機内、鉄道、タクシーなどは全面禁煙となって
おり厳しく守られている。マドリット国際空港ではタバコ副流煙が、そのまま拡散する開放型の喫煙室を設けており、
スペインでの受動喫煙に対する認識の低さを露呈している。飲食店では禁煙のところが多いが、喫煙を許した店舗も
あり、喫煙場所と禁煙場所が同じ部屋で、ただ換気装置を設けることで良しとしているところも少なくない。この点は
ポルトガルの場合と同じである。宿泊した市内のホテルのレストランでは朝食に時間帯は全面禁煙だが、昼と夜の
時間帯では喫煙が許されている。バーでは全室喫煙のところが多い。バロセルナの鉄道駅に併設された小さなカフェ・
バーでは駅の待合室に面した入口には禁煙標識が掲げられていたが、中にはタバコの自動販売機があり、机に灰皿が
置いてあったのでカウンターの店員に不一致な点を聞こうとした。英語は分からないようだったが、喫煙OKと身振り
で示した。建前は禁煙でも実際は喫煙していいですとの、スペインの受動喫煙法が全く機能していない状況をうかがい
知ることが出来たと思う。政府はこうした状況を大幅に改善させる、バーもその対象とした全面禁煙法案を2011年に
は施行させたい意向である。しかし、スペインの失業率は20%近くまで拡大しており、財政悪化を主軸とした経済
危機はバーなどの飲食店経営をさらに困難とするだけに、全面禁煙体制を完全に履行できるかどうか注目される。

　Introduction of Spain: The first Spain's law to restrict smoking enforced in 2006.

---

Spain poised for tough no-smoking law.

Spain, a country famed for its smoke-filled bars, cafes and restaurants, is poised to enact a tough
new anti-smoking law, eliminating its status as Western Europe's last country where lighting up
in indoor public places is allowed.

The bill passed by the parliamentary commission calls for transforming all bars and restaurants into
no-smoking zones, bringing Spain in line with the European Union's strictest anti-smoking nations
and many U.S. states that bar smoking in enclosed public places. It's expected to pass the Senate
and become law on January 2011.

The law also will make Spain a tougher place to smoke than many other European countries where
bars and restaurants are still allowed to have smoking sections, and will prohibit smoking in outdoor
places such as play grounds and the grounds of schools and hospitals. The current law put in place
in 2006 prohibits smoking in the workplace, and workers puffing away just outsidetheir office
buildings are a common sight. However, that law aimed at cracking down on smoking permitted
owners of most bars and cafes to decide on their own whether to allow smoking - and almost all
ended up doing so, leading critics to label the earlier law a total failure. Those bar and cafe owners
will lose the privilege, and arger restaurants that still have the smoking sections will have to get rid
of them.

Officials predict thousands of lives now lost to secondhand smoke will be saved. Bar and restaurant
owners hope to win an exception in the law allowing them to construct hermetically sealed smoking
sections, but the parliamentary commission voted down that option. Hotels will be allowed to set
aside 30 per cent of rooms for smokers. The bill endorsed by Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez
Zapatero and his governing Socialist Party next goes for debate in the senate where it is likely to be
approved quickly or sent back with minor changes for approval in the lower house.

It expects to lose business?

A man, who owns a small bar and smokes himself, expects to lose business because so many of his
regulars come every day for beers and Spanish tapas, and then automatically light up, often passing
away hours drinking and smoking with their friends. He said many others also fear Spain could lose
crucial tourism revenue because it's among the last European nations where travelers are free to
smoke in eateries.

Spain's main restaurant and bar federation predicted the law will lead to 145,000 lost jobsand a
10 per cent decline in revenue for the sector, but the health ministry said similar laws put in place
in recent years in nations ranging from Britain to France and Italy did not hurt business badly.

Health Minister Trinidad Jimenez noted that smokers will still be allowed to smoke on the open-air
terraces of bars, and many Spanish bars have them, often setting up tables and chairs on the
sidewalk. Other exceptions were provided for jails, psychiatric institutions and retirement homes.
A nonsmoker welcomed the law, saying he'll finally be able to breathe cleanly when he goes out for
a coffee or a beer. And the bars themselve will be cleaner, because most Spanish bars let the smokers
to put their stubbed butts out on the floor.

Spain's National Committee for the Prevention of Smoking says up to 1,000 Spanish bar waiters die
yearly from lung cancer, mainly from breathing in so much secondhand smoke. Many more lives
would be saved eventually in Spain by making it more difficult for smokers to puff away almost any-
where, said Dr. Jose Carreras who heads the anti-smoking unit at Madrid's Hospital Carlos III.
He said. "This means that in 20-year time,there will be a decrease in deaths due to smoking-related
diseases.
Source: The Associate Press October 20, 2010


Source: Spain TVE.: NHK TV, October 20, 2010

Spain's lawmakers voted for tough smoking ban.

The new law tightens restrictions introduced in 2006 by forbidding smoking in any enclosed public space
Spanish lawmakers have voted to approve a tough anti-smoking law, meaning that from January, bars
and restaurants will be no-smoking zones. Smokers will also not be allowed to light up on television broad-
casts, near hospitals or in the school playgrounds. Thebill, was passed in the lower house by 189 votes to
154. Bar and cafe owners fear the law will adversely affect business.

Bar complaints Spain was once famed for its smoke-filled bars, corner cafes and restaurants, but the new
law tightens restrictions introduced in 2006 by forbidding smoking in any enclosed public space. Tuesday's
vote rejected a Senate amendment to allow casinos to have smoking areas. Moves to allow bars to build
sealed cubicles for smokers also failed. While the 2006 anti-smoking law prohibited smoking in the work-
place, it came under fire for letting bar and restaurant owners choose whether or not to allow smoking.
Source: BBC News 22 December 2010

Spain Introduces Tough New Smoking Ban

Spain has introduced one of Europe's toughest smoking bans that even prohibits lighting up in open spaces
like children's playgrounds and outside hospitals. Fines for breaking the ban, which took effect in January
2010, range from 30 euros to 600,000 euros. Aside from playgrounds and access points to schools and
hospitals, smoking is also banned in bars, restaurants, disco, casinos and airports. However, hotels are
allowed to reserve 30% of their rooms for smokers. Spain's Health Minister Leire Pajin previously said:
"We should remember that more than 70% of Spain's population are non-smokers. "So it is logical to think
they will be more comfortable in bars when there is no tobacco smoke in them." Fears are mounting that
the ban at bars will cost jobs The Spanish Federation of Hostelry estimates the ban could lead to the loss
of up to 350,000 jobs, as many Spaniards will stay at home rather than go without a cigarette at bars.

At the same time, the government, struggling to pay off a huge deficit during an economic slowdown,
seems to be hoping the ban will not stop too many Spaniards from smoking. Last month, among a battery
of austerity measures, it announced a rise in tobacco tax which it hopes will bring in an extra 780 million
euros a year. Until now, bar owners could decide whether to allow smoking, depending on the size of their
premises, while larger bars and restaurants had to have a designated smoking area. Similar legislation in
Ireland has had a limited economic effect. By 2012, all the 27 EU member states should have banned
smoking in enclosed zones.
Source: Sky News Online, UK, January 02, 2011

A tough new anti-smoking law has taken effect in Spain.


Photo source: AP

Spain has a strong cafe culture, and the owners of bars and cafes have complained the law will hurt
business. Hotel, restaurant and bar owners have said they could face a 10% drop in trade with the new
rules. The industry has already seen a sharp fall in sales due to Spain's economic problems. However,
doctors argue the new legislation will help smokers give up. Some 50,000 Spaniards a year died from
smoking-related illnesses, according to figures from the Spanish health ministry, which estimates that
"between three and nine" people a day died because of passive smoking.
BBC News Europe January 02, 2011

Spain has introduced one of Europe's toughest smoking bans.

Aside from playgrounds and access points to schools and hospitals, smoking is also banned in bars,
restaurants, discotheques, casinos and airports. However, hotels are allowed to reserve 30% of their
rooms for smokers.

Spain's Health Minister Leire Pajin previously said: "We should remember that more than 70% of
Spain's population are non-smokers So it is logical to think they will be more comfortable in bars when
there is no tobacco smoke in them."

Fears are mounting that the ban at bars will cost jobs. The Spanish Federation of Hostelry estimates
the ban could lead to the loss of up to 350,000 jobs, as many Spaniards will stay at home rather than
go without a cigarette at bars.At the same time, the government, struggling to pay off a huge deficit
during an economic slowdown, seems to be hoping the ban will not stop too many Spaniards from
smoking. It announced that a rise in tobacco tax which it hopes will bring in extra 780 million euros
per annum.

By 2012, all the 27 EU member states should have banned smoking in enclosed zones.
Source: Sky News Online January 02, 2011

Spain's toughest smoking bans did not cause reductions in households’ expenditures.

In January 2011, Spain modified clean air legislation in force, removing all existing exceptions
applicable to hospitality venues. Although this legal reform was backed by all political parties with
parliamentary representation, the government initiative was contested by the tobacco industry and
its allies in the hospitality industry. One of the most voiced arguments against the reform was its
potentially disruptive effect on the revenue of hospitality venues.

The researchers use household expenditure micro-data for years 2006 to 2012 to estimate models
for the probability of observing expenditures and the expected level of expenditure. They apply a
before-after analysis with a wide range of controls for confounding factors and a flexible modeling
of time effects in order to identify the effects of the reform.

Our results suggest that the reform caused a 2% reduction in the proportion of households-
containing smokers but did not cause reductions in household's expenditures on restaurantservices
or on bars and cafeteria services.
Source: Jaume Garcia Villar, PhD London School of Economics 2014
Forthcoming in European Journal of Health Economics.

H
Smoking Restriction at Hotels in the World: Actual Survey
The ratio of a non-smoking guest room to the total hotel rooms was calculated,
based on-the-spot investigation.

　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Tokyo
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels in Korea
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Macau
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Bangkok
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Hong Kong
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Vancouver
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Seattle
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at San Francisco
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Shanghai
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels at Nice

　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels in Austria
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels in Germany
　Non-smoking-room ratio in hotels in Switzerland

Total smoking Ban in hotels at Moscow, Russia
Total smoking Ban in hotels at Saint Pertersburg, Russia

Smoke-free hotels in Japan
Smoke-free hotels in Tokyo
Smoke-free hotels in Kyoto and Nara, Japan



スペインでは2006年に成立した法案で飲食店等の規模別規制と分煙を取り入れたが、近年、バーなどでの喫煙行為が
広がり、レストランでは禁煙でないところも出現していた。この混乱した状況を筆者は、2010年に現地で確認している。

スペイン議会では屋内全面禁煙に対し各党の合意が得られたことにより、2011年1月から全面禁煙法を実施した。
新しい法律では今まで認めてきた「分煙」を一切認めず、正式に間違いであったと認めた。今後、屋内での喫煙は全く
不可能となる。先進諸国でも設定されているホテルの喫煙客室は上限30％の範囲で許可し、喫煙する観光客に対応する。
★　TVEニュースでは、新しい法令は「明確で、分かりやすい」ので適応に際しての抜け道がなくなるとの談話を
放送している。一部の業界からの反発はあるが、それに対し国民の支持は得られていない。


Spain 2006-2011
Madrid tour Barcelona tour Gaudi's masterpiece Barcelona metro and railway Segovia　
High-speed train in Spain


スペインで2011年から全面禁煙実施
2010年6月執筆 　2010年10月加筆　 2010年12月加筆 　2013年8月加筆　医学博士　宮本順伯
A trip to inspect the smoking ban in Spain 2010
★This Web site is link-free.
This information was provided by the Smokefree Hotel and Travel.
The article was written in June 2010, and last revised in October 2014,
by Junhaku Miyamoto, M.D., PhD.
Copyright (C) 2010 Junhaku Miyamoto, All rights reserved.


Madrid Tour, Spain